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Jul 01

Quick and dirty awk trick to see all Fiber Channel status

Scripting, Systems Administration, hardware No Comments »

I needed to update documentation and I needed more information that my prior syslayout.sh script provided on fiber.

# Improvement by JRF on the ITRC forums.
ioscan -kfnC fc | awk ‘/fcd/ {getline;fcd=$NF;print fcd,$2}’ | while read -r fdev
do
fcmsutil ${fdev} | awk ‘/Hardware / {print $5};/World / { print $7}’
done

Ouput looks like this:

0/0/12/1/0/4/0
0x5001438002a24979
0x5001438002a24978
0x204f000dec81b540
0x200f000dec81b541

0/0/12/1/0/4/1
0x5001438002a2497b
0x5001438002a2497a
0x2093000dec81b480
0x2010000dec81b481

2/0/12/1/0/4/0
0x5001438002a24d35
0x5001438002a24d34
0x2050000dec81b480
0x2010000dec81b481

2/0/12/1/0/4/1
0x5001438002a24d37
0x5001438002a24d36
0x2093000dec81b540
0x200f000dec81b541

Second, new improved version (Girsah Chadash)
ioscan -kfnC fc | awk ‘/fcd/ {getline;fcd=$NF;print fcd,$2}’ | while read -r fde
v
do
# fcmsutil ${fdev} | awk ‘/Hardware / {print $5};/World / { print $7}’ | awk
‘ {printf “%s %s %s %s %s”,$1, $2, $3, $4, $5;}’
fcmsutil ${fdev} | awk ‘/Hardware Path/ {PATH=$5};
/N_Port Node/ {NNODE=$7};
/N_Port Port/ {NPORT=$7};
/Switch Port/ {SPORT=$7};
/Switch Node/ {SNODE=$7};
END{print PATH, NNODE, NPORT, SPORT, SNODE}’
done

Next innovation would be to combine the awk statements in the while loop and pull off the output with a single awk command. I may do this, but I might need help from an awk guru.

The ioscan output is multi line, so the real innovation is using the getline function of awk to get the second line of data and ignore the first. The filter /fcd gets rid of the column format information.

Yes it could be done with grep, but it is more AWKFUL this way.

SEP

Tagged with: • •
Jun 09

System I/O layout (EMC specific)

Scripting, Systems Administration 2 Comments »

This is a script designed to document the layout of a system. It is EMC specific and requires the output of the inq command, which I store in /tmp/inq.txt

It can however be adapted to non EMC disk systems. It correctly shows the port/lba layout and status of network and fiber I/O the way it appears on the outside of the system. Two tables are included to permit lookups of the port/lba information. It has worked on blades, and is certified for rp8420 and superdome systems.

It has only been tested on HP-UX 11.31.

… please stand by….update in progress…

DF=”super.translate.dat”
MA=”router.macadd.dat”

typeset MYDIR=/var/tmp/syslayout
typeset MYPAGE=mypage
typeset MYDATA=mydata
typeset IDX_HTML=syslayout.html

writehtml (){
while [ $# -gt 0 ]
do
echo “<td>${1}</td>” >> ${IDX_HTML}

shift
done
echo “<tr>” >> ${IDX_HTML}
}

cat -<<!EOF > ${IDX_HTML}
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC “-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN”>
<title>Dana IT Unix System documentation</title>
<BODY>
<TABLE style=”WIDTH: 100%; COLOR: rgb(0,0,0); TEXT-ALIGN: left” cellSpacing=2
cellPadding=2 border=0>
<TBODY>
<TR>
<td width=”200″><img
style=”border-width: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 0px;” alt=”Dana”
src=”dana_logo.jpg”> </td>
<td style=”font-weight: bold;”><big><big>Dana
IT
Unix:
Documentation</big></big></td>

<TD style=”VERTICAL-ALIGN: top; TEXT-ALIGN: center” colSpan=7><BIG
style=”FONT-FAMILY: helvetica,arial,sans-serif”><BIG>Dana IT system I/O Layout.</BIG></BIG><BR></TD></TR>
!EOF

# colum layout # Path       slot MAC Address    lan  ipaddress      vlan   linkstatus

sysname=$(uname -n)
this_cell=$(vparstatus -p $sysname -v |awk ‘/Boot processor/ {print $4}’ |awk -F’\.’ ‘{print $1}’)

# echo $this_cell

this_par=$(parstatus -c 0 |awk ‘/cell’$this_cell’/ {print $9}’)

nparname=$(/usr/sbin/parstatus -P |awk “/^$this_par/ {if(pname == 1) {print}};/Partition Name/ {pname=1}”|awk ‘/’$this_par’ / {print $6}’)

#echo “Diag nparname: ${nparname}”

complexname=$(/usr/sbin/parstatus -X |awk “/Complex Name/”)
cellind=”cell${this_par}”

nparinfo=$(/usr/sbin/parstatus -P |awk “/^$this_par/ {if(pname == 1) {print}};/Partition Name/ {pname=1}”)
# model needs to be determineed
OS=$(uname -r)
if [ "$OS" = "B.11.31" ]
then
mod=$(model | awk ‘{ print $5 }’)
else
mod=$(model | awk -F/ ‘{ print $3}’)
fi

hn=$(hostname)

this_cell=$(vparstatus -p ${hn} -v |awk ‘/Boot processor/ {print $4}’ |awk -F’\.’ ‘{print $1}’)

echo $this_cell

this_par=$(parstatus -c 0 |awk ‘/cell’$this_cell’/ {print $9}’)

/usr/sbin/parstatus -P |awk “/cell/ {if(pname == 1) {print}};/Partition Name/ {pname=1}”|awk ‘/’$this_par’ / {print $6}’

hn=$(hostname)
lhn=”${hn}.dana.com”
echo “Host name: ${lhn}”
writehtml “Host name:” ${lhn}
echo “Model number is: $mod”
writehtml “Model number:” ${mod}
#echo “<td>$complexname</td><td>$nparname</td><tr>” >>  ${IDX_HTML}
writehtml “${complexname}” ${nparname}
echo “Model number is: $mod”
pbootpath=$(parstatus -p 0 -V |awk -F: ‘/Primary Boot Path/ {print $2}’)

echo “Primary boot path: ${pbootpath}”
writehtml “Primary boot path:” ${pbootpath}
#echo “<td>$complexname</td><td>$nparnam</td><tr>” >>  ${IDX_HTML}
# echo “<td>Path</td><td>slot</td><td>MAC Address</td><td>lan</td><td>IP Address</td><td>vlan</td><td>Link Status</td><tr>” >>  ${IDX_HTML}
writehtml Path slot MAC_Address lan IP_Address vlan Link_Status

#echo “$nparinfo”
# echo “Path        slot MAC         lan     check    ip”
# 2/0/5/1/0/6/1 4 0x002264E4948B lan1 10.8.128.162
echo  “Path       slot MAC Address    lan  ipaddress      vlan   linkstatus”

/usr/sbin/ioscan -fnk | awk ‘/^lan/ {print $3}’ |while read -r path
do
ip=”";
echo $path  | sed ‘s/\// /g’ | read p1 p2 p3 p4 p5 p6 p7
macaddy=$(lanscan | awk ‘{if($1 == “‘${path}’”) print $2}’)
lanid=$(lanscan | awk ‘{if($1 == “‘${path}’”) print $5}’)
plan=$(lanscan | awk ‘{if($1 == “‘${path}’”) print $3}’)
lchk=$(/usr/sbin/linkloop -i $plan $macaddy 2>/dev/null | grep “OK”)
# If linkloop produces postive results then see if there is an ip address
ip=”IP not set”
if [ -n "$lchk" ]
then
# echo “lchk not null. running ifconfig command”
ip=$(/usr/sbin/ifconfig $lanid | grep netmask | awk ‘{print $2}’)
fi
# roll through the router table and see if you can establish
# linkloop with the gateway
DRMAC=”No link..”
DVLAN=”Not found”
#while [[ "$value" != "val1" || "$value" != "val2" || "$value" != "val3" ]]
while read -r DL
do
rmacaddy=$(echo $DL | awk -F: ‘{print $2}’)
rvlan=$(echo $DL | awk -F: ‘{print $3}’)
rlchk=$(/usr/sbin/linkloop -i $plan $rmacaddy 2>/dev/null | grep “OK”)
if [ -n "$rlchk" ]
then
# echo “rlchk not null. setting vlan information.”
DRMAC=${rmacaddy}
DVLAN=${rvlan}
break;
fi
done < $MA

#  echo “${path} ${p7} ${macaddy} ${lanid} ${lchk} ${ip} ”
#p1=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $1}’);
#p2=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $2}’);
#p3=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $3}’);
#p4=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $4}’);
#p5=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $5}’);
#p6=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $6}’);
#p7=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $7}’);

portpath=$(echo $path | awk -F/ ‘{print $3}’)
actualport=$(awk -F: ‘{if($2 == “‘${portpath}’” && $3 == “‘$mod’”) print $1}’ ${DF})

# echo “Actual path: ${p1} ${p2} ${p3} ${p4} ${p5} ${p6} ${p7}  ${actualport} ${ip} ${macaddy} ${lanid} ${ip}”
echo “${path} ${actualport} ${macaddy} ${lanid} ${ip}   ${DVLAN}   ${DRMAC}”
# echo “<td>${path}</td><td>${actualport}</td><td>${macaddy}</td><td>${lanid}</td><td>${ip}</td><td>${DVLAN}</td><td>${DRMAC}</td><tr>” >> ${IDX_HTML}
writehtml ${path} ${actualport} ${macaddy} ${lanid} ${ip} ${DVLAN} ${DRMAC}
done

echo “Fiber Channel….”
# echo “<td>Fiber Channel….</td><tr>” >> ${IDX_HTML}
writehtml  “Fiber Channel”
echo “PATH       slot Device… Status spd Hardware address”
# echo “<td>PATH</td><td>slot</td><td>Device</td><td>Status</td><td>speed</td><td>Hardware address</td><tr>” >>  ${IDX_HTML}
writehtml PATH slot Device Status speed Hardware address
#/usr/sbin/ioscan -fnCfc | grep fcd | awk ‘{print $3}’ |while read -r path
/usr/sbin/ioscan -fnk | awk ‘/^fc / {hw=$3;getline;print hw,$1}’ |while read -r hw devfile
do
#   echo “diag ${hw} dev file … ${devfile}”
port=$(echo $hw | awk -F/ ‘{print $3}’)
OSTAT=$(fcmsutil $devfile | awk ‘/ONLINE/  {print $4}’)
LSPD=$(fcmsutil $devfile | awk ‘/Link Speed/  {print $4}’)
WWN=$(fcmsutil $devfile | awk ‘/N_Port Port World Wide Name/  {print $7}’)
#  OSTAT=$(fcmsutil /dev/fcd1 | awk ‘/ONLINE/  {print $4}’)
#  LSPD=$(fcmsutil /dev/fcd1 | awk ‘/Link Speed/  {print $4}’)
#  WWN=$(fcmsutil /dev/fcd1 | awk ‘/N_Port Port World Wide Name/  {print $7}’)
actualport=$(awk -F: ‘{if($2 == “‘${port}’” && $3 == “‘$mod’”) print $1}’ ${DF})
echo “$hw ${actualport} $devfile ${OSTAT} ${LSPD} ${WWN}”
#echo “<td>$hw</td><td>${actualport}</td> <td>$devfile</td><td>${OSTAT}</td><td>${LSPD}</td> <td>${WWN}</td><tr>” >>  ${IDX_HTML}
writehtml ${hw} ${actualport} ${devfile} ${OSTAT} ${LSPD} ${WWN}
done

#awk -F: ‘{printf(“%8s %5s %4s\n”,$1,$3,$4)}’ steve
#2/0/5/1/0/6/0
#2/0/5/1/0/6/1

cat -<< !EOF >> ${IDX_HTML}
<TR></TR></TBODY></TABLE></BODY></HTML>
!EOF

chmod a+r ${IDX_HTML}
# Added to copy the data file to my home directory for diagnosis.
cp syslayout.html /home/sprotte
chmod a+r /home/sprotte/syslayout.html

super.translate.dat
—–
root@gitop2:/root # more /usr/global/etc/super.translate.dat
11:8:SD64B
10:9:SD64B
9:10:SD64B
8:12:SD64B
7:13:SD64B
6:14:SD64B
5:6:SD64B
4:5:SD64B
3:4:SD64B
2:2:SD64B
1:1:SD64B
0:0:SD64B
1:8:rp8420
2:10:rp8420
3:12:rp8420
4:14:rp8420
5:6:rp8420
6:4:rp8420
7:2:rp8420
8:1:rp8420

more /usr/global/etc/router.macadd.dat
Format:

IP Address : MAC Address : vlan# : Description
:0x00000c07ac0a:vlan9:HP-UX Production

Obviously this data varies from place the place. The Mac address of the router is used to check network connectivity with the linkloop command

Google
 
Google
 

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May 20

clean up procedure after ignite replication of hpvm host

LVM, hpvm 2 Comments »

This errror is created by Ignite replication of an hpvm system. The following checks device integrity and cleans up errors created by Ignite replication.

hpvmcreate: ERROR (jdeautp1): Incorrect backing device type.

First check for errors with this script (I may check this in at some point)

#!/usr/bin/sh
#
# Unofficial quick and dirty passthru DSF check script
#
# It walks all /dev/pt/* files and tries to find corresponding /dev/rdisk
# or /dev/rtape files. If they are foudn their minor numbers are compared.
#
# @(#) pt_check.sh v1.1 – stanm@wtec
#

for i in $(ls /dev/pt/*)
do
# ll $i
shortname=${i##*_}
printf “checking $shortname”
minor1=$(ll $i|awk ‘{print $6}’)
# echo minor1=$minor ($i)
if [ -c /dev/rdisk/$shortname ]; then
minor2=$(ll /dev/rdisk/$shortname|awk ‘{print $6}’)
# echo minor2=$minor2 ($/dev/rdisk/$shortname)
if [[ "x$minor1" = "x$minor2" ]]; then
printf ” – OK\n”
else
printf ” – Minor numbers are probably incorrect\n”
printf “minor1=$minor1 ($i) vs ”
printf “minor2=$minor2 (/dev/rdisk/$shortname)\n”
fi
else
# could be tape
if [ -c /dev/rtape/${shortname}_BEST ]; then
minor2=$(ll /dev/rtape/${shortname}_BEST|awk ‘{print $6}’)
if [[ "x$minor1" = "x$minor2" ]]; then
printf ” – OK\n”
else
printf ” – Minor numbers are probably incorrect\n”
printf “minor1=$minor1 ($i) vs ”
printf “minor2=$minor2 (/dev/rtape/${shortname}_BEST)\n”
fi
else
printf ” – /dev/rdisk/$shortname or /dev/rtape/${shortname}_BEST not found – check skipped\n”
fi
fi
done

Output indicating problems:

checking disk11 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000005 (/dev/pt/pt_disk11) vs minor2=0×000008 (/dev/rdisk/disk11)
checking disk12 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000006 (/dev/pt/pt_disk12) vs minor2=0×000009 (/dev/rdisk/disk12)
checking disk13 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000007 (/dev/pt/pt_disk13) vs minor2=0x00000a (/dev/rdisk/disk13)
checking disk14 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000008 (/dev/pt/pt_disk14) vs minor2=0x00000b (/dev/rdisk/disk14)
checking disk15 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000009 (/dev/pt/pt_disk15) vs minor2=0x00000c (/dev/rdisk/disk15)
checking disk17 – OK
checking disk18 – /dev/rdisk/disk18 or /dev/rtape/disk18_BEST not found – check skipped
checking disk19 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000017 (/dev/pt/pt_disk19) vs minor2=0×000013 (/dev/rdisk/disk19)
checking disk2 – OK
checking disk22 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000018 (/dev/pt/pt_disk22) vs minor2=0×000014 (/dev/rdisk/disk22)
checking disk23 – Minor numbers are probably incorrect
minor1=0×000019 (/dev/pt/pt_disk23) vs minor2=0×000015 (/dev/rdisk/disk23)
checking disk3 – OK
checking disk5 – OK
checking disk8 – /dev/rdisk/disk8 or /dev/rtape/disk8_BEST not found – check skipped
checking disk9 – /dev/rdisk/disk9 or /dev/rtape/disk9_BEST not found – check skipped

Correction procedure:

cd /var/opt/hpvm/common/

rm -f hpvm_devinit
cd /dev/pt
ls
rm -f *
hpvmdevmgmt -I

Consider this a necessary procedure to clean up after ignite replication

Tagged with: • • • • • • •
May 18

swlist command to provide install date

Patching & Updates No Comments »

New trick learned from HP support backline engineer.

swlist -l fileset -a revision -a title -a state -a install_date

———Sample output ——
# vmGuestLib B.04.00 Integrity VM vmGuestLib 200903081306.51
vmGuestLib.GUEST-LIB B.04.00 Integrity VM GUEST-LIB fileset 200903081306.51 configured
# vmProvider B.04.00 WBEM Provider for Integrity VM vmProvider 200903081306.59
vmProvider.VM-PROV-CORE B.04.00 WBEM Provider for Integrity VM VM-PROV-CORE 200903081306.59 configured

Tagged with: • • • • • • • •
Oct 20

HP-UX Integrity Software mirror procedure

LVM, Systems Administration No Comments »

This was written by a former colleague. It is better than anything else I have seen. SEP

Mirroring a Boot Disk with LVM on HP-UX 11i for HP Integrity

Servers

The following diagram shows the disk layout of a boot disk. The disk

contains a Master Boot Record (MBR) and Extensible Firmware

Interface (EFI) partition tables that point to each of the partitions. The

idisk

command is used to create the partitions (see idisk (1M)).

Figure 6-5 Example LVM Disk Layout on HP Integrity Server

Before starting the procedure, make sure that add-on product HP

MirrorDisk/UX (B5403BA) is installed. This product is an extra-cost

product available on the HP-UX 11i application release media. For

example:

swlist -l fileset | grep -i mirror

LVM.LVM-MIRROR-RUN B.11.22 LVM Mirror

Step 1.

file.

Partition the disk using the idisk command and a partition description

a.

Create a partition description file. For example:

vi /tmp/idf

In this example the partition description file contains:

3

EFI 500MB

HPUX 100%

HPSP 400MB

NOTE

an EFI partition, an HP-UX partition, and an HP Service partition.

Boot disks of earlier HP Integrity Servers may have an EFI partition

of only 100MB and may not contain the HPSP partition.

The values in the example represent a boot disk with three partitions:

b.

Partition the disk using idisk and your partition description file:

idisk -f /tmp/idf -w /dev/rdsk/c3t1d0

c.

To verify you can run:

idisk /dev/rdsk/c3t1d0

Step 2.

the partitions. For example:

Use the insf command with the -e option to create the device files for all

insf -e -H 0/18/1/2/0.0.1.0

You should now have eight device files for this disk:

/dev/[r]dsk/c?t?d?

(This refers to the entire disk)

/dev/[r]dsk/c?t?d?s1

(This refers to the EFI partition)

/dev/[r]dsk/c?t?d?s2

(This will be the HP-UX partition)

/dev/[r]dsk/c?t?d?s3

(This refers to the Service partition)

Step 3.

disk:

Use pvcreate to make the HP-UX partition of the disk an LVMmanaged

pvcreate -B /dev/rdsk/c3t1d0s2

Step 4.

Add the disk to vg00:

vgextend vg00 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

Step 5.

Place the boot files on the disk using mkboot:

mkboot -e -l /dev/rdsk/c3t1d0

Step 6.

Copy any autoboot file from the original boot disk to this one.

a.

partition to the current directory. Make sure to use the device file

with the

Use efi_cp to copy the AUTO file from the original boot disk’s EFIs1 suffix, as it refers to the EFI partition:

efi_cp -d /dev/rdsk/cntndns1 -u /efi/hpux/auto ./AUTO

b.

partition:

Copy the file from the current directory into the new disk’s EFI

efi_cp -d /dev/rdsk/c3t1d0s1 ./AUTO /efi/hpux/auto

Step 7.

volume group onto the desired physical volume. The logical volumes

must be extended in the same order that they are configured on the

original boot disk. Use the

determine the list of logical volumes and their order. For example:

Use the lvextend command to mirror each logical volume in the rootpvdisplay command with the -v option to

pvdisplay -v /dev/dsk/c0t0d0s2 | grep ’current.*0000$’

00000 current /dev/vg00/lvol1 00000

00038 current /dev/vg00/lvol2 00000

00550 current /dev/vg00/lvol3 00000

00583 current /dev/vg00/lvol4 00000

00608 current /dev/vg00/lvol5 00000

00611 current /dev/vg00/lvol6 00000

00923 current /dev/vg00/lvol7 00000

01252 current /dev/vg00/lvol8 00000

In this example, mirror the logical volumes as follows:

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol1 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol2 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol3 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lv0l4 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol5 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol6 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol7 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

lvextend -m 1 /dev/vg00/lvol8 /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

If

lvextend fails with following message:

“m”: Illegal option

then HP MirrorDisk/UX is not installed.

Step 8.

Update the root volume group information:

lvlnboot -R /dev/vg00

Step 9.

disk and that the boot, root, and swap logical volumes appear to be on

both disks:

Display the BDRA. Verify that the mirrored disk is displayed as a boot

lvlnboot –v

Step 10.

Specify the mirror disk as the alternate boot path in nonvolatile memory:

setboot -a path_to_disk

Step 11.

text editor:

Add a line to /stand/bootconf for the new boot disk using vi or another

vi /stand/bootconf

l /dev/dsk/c3t1d0s2

where

l denotes LVM.

Tagged with: • • • • • • • •
Sep 30

SD-UX Locked. Diagnostic steps.

Patching & Updates, Systems Administration No Comments »

Problem: After being Ignited superman lost most sd-ux functionality.

Note: superman (not its real name) is a vpar running on a superdome complex.  Only swlist works, swreg -l depot, swinstall -i, swverify all fail with the same error.

 

 

ERROR:   ”spuerman/”:  You do not have the required permissions to
         select this target.  Check permissions using the “swacl”
         command or see your system administrator for assistance.  Or,
         to manage applications designed and packaged for nonprivileged
         mode, see the “run_as_superuser” option in the “sd” man page.
       * Target connection failed for “zrtph0v0:/”.
ERROR:   More information may be found in the daemon logfile on this
         target (default location is
         superman:/var/adm/sw/swagentd.log).
       * Selection had errors.

Standard techniques say check:

/sbin/init.d/swagentd stop

/sbin/init.d/swagentd start

Check /etc/hosts networking is consistent.

Make sure /etc/nsswitch.conf is present and makes sense.

Check permissions on /var/tmp and all the swagent files.

None of this worked.

swlist -i -s $PWD in a depot generated the following error taken from ITRC because the system is already fixed.:

swacl -l host @ superman

 

 

List swacl generates this:

Util_Random internal error:  Read of /dev/urandom failed, rv=-1, size=8, No such device (19).

There were a series of other errors all pointing to /dev/urandom

lsdev showed that /urandom did not load the kernel module rng (Randome Number Generator).
Detail    root      /usr/sam/tui/kc/modulemod.sh rng
Detail    root      /usr/sbin/kcmodule -a -P ALL

This is normal output. Before the system was fixed the system did not show the module running.

lsdev | grep rng

138          -1         rng             pseudo

Fix was to unload the rng module in the kernel (using sam SEP cheats)
Then we loaded it. In spite of being listed as dynamic a reboot was required to restore sd-ux functionality.

Actual source of the problem: Ignite image of supergirl did not exclude the /dev/ “files” This cause the wrong kernel module to be loaded with the /dev/urandom “file” driver. Normally this is not a problem becuase /dev is crecreated but for some reason /dev/udandom was not loading the kernel module rng

Ignite excludes have been updated to exclude these files and the system will be re-ignited to make sure nothing else bad happens.

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Sep 04

Creating Logical Volumes and Filesystems

LVM, Systems Administration No Comments »

Quick and Dirty Example here.

In our last example, we created a volume group vg03. It had thee disk, we expanded it to 4 because we planned proper capacity.

Our volume group now consists of 4 disks.

We are asked to create an approximately 10 GB files system in this SAN based volume group.

vgdisplay /dev/vg03

vgdisplay -v /dev/vg03

< Insert vgdisplay example here>

HP vgdisplay documentation link (Note this tends to change. I can’t help it if HP breaks the links)

This will show an empty volume group as we have not created any logical volumes

pvdisplay /dev/dsk/c10d0t1

… repeat for other disks …

<Insert pvdisplay examples here>

HP pvdisplay document link

Make sure nothing is on them.

Turns out 10 GB will fit quite nicely on a single disk. Since this is a SAN based disk, we need not worry here about raid configuration. If you are hosting an oracle rdbms, you should make sure the SAN admin sets up data, index and rollback as raid 1 or raid 10 to insure good performance.

lvcreate /dev/vg03

# Creates an empty logical volume on vg03. Uses default naming.

You can also do it this way if you like names.

lvcreate /dev/vg03 -n mydata

lvextend -L 10240 /dev/vg03/mydata /dev/dsk/c10t0d1

# This command creates an approximately 1024 MB logical volume and defines the disk it goes on. Always define the disk. Don’t let LVM or SAM decide where your data is going to go. Plan in advance. Note that LVM for Linux which is a feature port and not a binary recompile does let you define size 10 GB or 10240 MB. Still waiting for that feature on LVM for HP-UX.

newfs -F vxfs -o largefiles /dev/vg03/rmydata

# Why largefiles? Databases are big and the default limit on a file size in a file system is 2 GB. That is too small. I almost always set up my file systems these days for largefiles unless the file system itself is less than 2 GB

# Create a mount point.

mkdir /mydata

# mount it.

mount /dev/vg03/mydata /mydata

# This does not set an optimal JFS logging and recovery options, but that is a different article

bdf

# See if its there and the right capacity.

Next article: Edit /etc/fstab and set permanent mount options.

NOTE: This article needs to be checked and have vgdisplay and pvdisplay and other examples inserted into it.

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Sep 04

LVM Volume Group Create. High Capacity VGlvm

LVM, Systems Administration No Comments »

Volume group creation, done right need only be done once to last a long time. A few simple steps can make it a process you do once and then enjoy the long term benefits.

Step one is a little homework. Take a reasonable estimate at how many physical volumes the volume group is going to contain. Why is this important? Because by default lvm allocates resources as if there will be 255 physical volumes. Most volume groups don’t see that many disks, and the overall capacity is impacted by the default. For this example, we will pick a small volume group that is never anticipated to exceed 10 physical volumes. We will set the maximum volumes to 25 to have a fair amount of additional capacity but to more efficiently allocate scarce resources.

Now th fun begins. We will create a volume group called vg03

Discover the new disks, important if LUNS have been presented to the system.

insf -C disk (may not be needed on HP-UX 11.31)

ioscan -fnC disk

ioscan shows three disks for this example.

/dev/rdsk/c10t0d1 /dev/rdsk/c10t0d2 /dev/rdsk/c10t0d3

cd /dev

mkdir vg03

mknod /dev/vg03/group c 64 0×030000

# We have created a device file for the volume group.

We need to pvcreate the disks, which lablels the disk for use by LVM

pvcreate /dev/rdsk/c10t0d1

pvcreate /dev/rdsk/c10t0d2

pvcreate /dev/rdsk/c10t0d3

vgcreate -p25 /dev/vg03 /dev/dsk/c10t0d1 /dev/dsk/c12t0d1 /dev/dsk/c10t0d3

# alternative vgcreate -e 65535 -s 16 /dev/vg10 /dev/dsk/c10t0d1 /dev/dsk/c12t0d1 /dev/dsk/c16t0d1 /dev/dsk/c17t0d1

The option -s lets us set a larger PE size which can also increase capacity.

Now inevitably someone is going to decide to add another disk to this volume group. It may be immediately or it may be down the road. We are prepared.

The SAN admin and project manager want to create a scratch area within the volume group for oracle backups to disk.

They present a new lun disk /dev/rdsk/c16t0d5

We respond like lightning.

insf -C disk

ioscan -fnC disk

pvcreate /dev/rdsk/c16t0d5

vgextend vg03 /dev/dsk/c16t0d5

The disk is ready for use.

Different article for how we set up logical volumes and a file system.

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